How do active sensors differ from passive sensors in automotive applications?

Active sensors are designed to generate their own power in order to function. This capability allows them to emit signals, such as infrared or ultrasonic waves, that can then be processed to gather data about their surroundings, such as distance or speed. The self-sustaining power helps enhance their accuracy and responsiveness by enabling them to actively send out signals and measure the reflected signals or responses.

In contrast, passive sensors do not generate their own power. Instead, they rely on external sources of energy, typically from the vehicle's electrical system, to operate. They detect and respond to environmental stimuli, such as light or temperature, but they do not emit energy on their own.

Understanding the distinction between the two types of sensors is crucial in automotive applications, as the choice between active and passive sensors can significantly impact system design, performance, and the type of data collected.